A method for serological monitoring of differentially expressed secretory proteins is of great value for tumor screening. In this study, we found that concentrations of apoA1 and SAP were higher in lung cancer patients than in healthy donors, and were not correlated with the histological classification or the grading system used for lung cancer. Therefore, we believe that patients with high levels of apoA1 and SAP in their blood serum may comprise a group at high risk for lung cancer. Our future study will further investigate the roles of apoA1 and SAP in lung tumorigenesis and the levels of apoA1 and SAP in the sera of a population at high risk for lung cancer, to establish criteria for medical surveillance. Breast cancer is the most common tumor in women around world. Although significant advances have been made in chemotherapy, drug resistance remains a major clinical obstacle to successful treatment and leads to poor prognosis for the patients. BCa cells effectively evade chemotherapy by a number of different processes and strategies. Among them, exosomes acting as mediators of intercellular communication are increasingly researched. Exosomes are small vesicles 50 to 100 nm in diameter that are released upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with plasma membranes from diverse cell types. Once thought to be ‘‘cell debris’�? they are now considered important regulators in tumor biology including angiogenesis, invasiveness, evasion of immune surveillance and metastasis. Exosomes contain mRNAs, microRNAs, and proteins that could be transferred to target cells inducing epigenetic changes. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that, in tumor patients, miRNAs circulate in body fluids in a highly stable and cell-free form, probably due to their incorporation in exosomes, allowing their use as novel diagnostic and prognostic markers. It is generally recognized that tumors comprise a heterogeneous population of cells with marked differences in their chemosusceptibility. While the majority of malignant cells are attacked and ultimately eliminated after toxic insult, a minor population of cells, named as drug-resistant cells, would be undamaged and could spread resistance traits to residual cells during the course of treatment. Recently, we established from human BCa cell line MCF-7 two variants that respectively display insensitivity properties to adriamycin and docetaxel, such as altered cell cycle distribution, expression of MDR1, MRP1 and BCRP resistance-associated proteins, and reduction of apoptosis-promoting Bax. These sublines, along with the sensitive parental one, could therefore be used as the models for investigating mechanisms of chemotherapy failure. Chemoresistance is a major stumbling block to the successful treatment of BCa as tumor cells either fail to reduce in size after toxic insult or the cancer recurs subsequent.