Especially the nucleotide metabolic processes were abundant

To analyze our microarray databased on groups of functionally related genes instead of individual genes, BiNGO was used as a Java-based high-throughput functional genomic analysis tool in Cytoscape. We then identified the significantly enriched GO terms and characterized the radiation responses to different radiation doses and their dynamic changes over time after exposures. Low-dose radiation could Asaraldehyde up-regulate G-protein coupled receptor activity and olfactory receptor activity through sensory perception of chemical stimulus. However, high-dose radiation induced complex and extensive transmembrane receptor activities, mostly involving G-protein coupled receptor, olfactory receptor, and signal transducer activities in the downstream. In addition, more biological processes, especially the nucleotide metabolic processes were abundant. Interestingly, the group did not promote any up-regulation at 3 h, but a large number of genes involved in DNA metabolic processes, DNA replication, cellular responses to external stress or stimuli, and cell cycle showed down-regulation, suggesting the radiation scheme could negatively regulate cell processes, inhibit DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in the very early phase. Furthermore, we assessed the protein expressions of p21/WAF1, phospho-p38 MAPK and phosphor-NF-��B through the Western Blot assay. The results reflected that the p21 protein was up-regulated after irradiation at various time points, which was consistent with previous studies. Moreover, the levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and NF-��B were also increased at 24h, which suggested the activation of the Hydralazine hydrochloride mediated signaling pathways. Overall, the gene ontology results for each irradiation scheme appeared to be relatively similar at different time points. However, there were still observable differences. The GO terms of the 2 Gy group at all-time points showed that they were lagging behind those for the group, which suggested that the 5 c Gy irradiation changed the cellular response to external stresses. RAR is an on-targeted effect that does not require direct irradiation of the cell nucleus.

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