Typically, application of pressure or vacuum is required to accelerate infusion; these treatments tend to force enzyme solution into air-filled pores in the tissue. Culver et al. found that without vacuum treatment, infusion of a-amylase into apple cubes was too slow to be detected. Pectinase fails to penetrate citrus peels even with pressure or vacuum treatments, unless the outermost layer of the peel is first mechanically scored. Although there has been significant study on the diffusion of small molecules into animal tissue, for purposes such as the curing of ham, there are few comparable studies using enzymes. One recent study successfully infused microbial transglutaminase into cattle hides, but without respect to infusion rate. In the present study, we observed that enzyme can penetrate some portions of an individual MBM particle more rapidly than others, resulting in a ��diffusion front�� of varying depth around the perimeter of a particle. Somewhat similar results have been obtained with plant tissue. Varzakas et al. observed an irregular pattern of enzyme uptake by soybeans, which they attributed to heterogeneity in cell type and orientation throughout the bean. It is likely that similar factors Clofentezine affect the penetration of Versazyme into MBM particles, but because MBM particles originate in a variety of anatomical locations, cell type and orientation probably varies widely from particle to particle. Differences in tissue structure must account for the differences in diffusion Nitroprusside disodium dihydrate resistance between bone and soft tissue ; contrary to our expectations, rendered bone tissue does not provide an enzyme-proof coating for bone protein. The treatment of MBM with protease to increase solubility and inactivate prions is technically possible. Neither tissue type presents an insurmountable physical barrier to attack by VersazymeTM, or presumably, other proteases of similar size. Soft tissue particles�� greater resistance to enzyme infusion is concerning, because these particles are more likely than bone particles to have a high prion load.
We observed that enzyme can penetrate some portions of an individual
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