Enterprise of making falsified and substandard drugs is considered to be large. Technologies under development such as the CD3 device, PharmaCheck, paper test cards and XL-184 portable NQR devices offer the prospect of bringing less expensive and more sensitive technologies to the field where the need is greatest. Key in the fight against falsified and substandard drugs will be technologies that can easily and cheaply distinguish a falsified drug from a real drug regardless of the sophistication of the counterfeiter’s methods and to ensure that drugs have not degraded through poor storage and handling, or have a lower than labeled dose of the API. Technologies alone will not solve the problem. Well-trained people to use these technologies, legal frameworks that remove the incentives for producing and distributing the drugs, and thoughtful well-designed screening systems will be needed to detect substandard and falsified drugs and ultimately save lives. Early life history stages of marine species, including embryos and larvae, are of crucial importance in population dynamics as they ensure dispersion, colonize new areas and sustain populations. Their success in development and final recruitment are essential for the persistence of viable populations. Early stages of marine invertebrates are in general morphologically and ecologically distinct from the adult stage and are generally thought to be more sensitive to environmental stress although, in some cases, they may be more tolerant than adults, e.g. some Antarctic species exposed to warming. In the context of climate change, early development may be affected by various factors, such as temperature increases, hypoxia zones or ocean acidification. Due to the increase in atmospheric pCO2 predicted for the end of the century ), pH in surface seawaters is likely to decline by 0.06 – 0.32 units, leading to a decrease in carbonate ion concentrations and a reduction in the calcium carbonate saturation state. Due to these changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, ocean acidification is considered a major threat to calcifying marine species, affecting their physiology and impairing their ability to build calcium carbonate shells and skeletons, which can ultimately modify their behavior and distribution. Early life stages of calcifying species are thus expected to be highly affected by ocean acidification, as opposed to non-calcified larvae which are predicted to be more tolerant. This relatively higher vulnerability is likely due to fragile larval skeletons and their high ratio of exposed surface-to-body mass compared to adults. Identifying life history stages that are the most vulnerable to global change is needed to determine bottlenecks for species persistence and addressing their sensitivity to acidification is a major issue in a changing ocean. Responses to near-future levels of pCO2 depend on species, populations, habitats and developmental stages and understanding these effects on the early life stages requires taking into account the complete developmental cycle, from egg to juvenile. In particular, the impact of elevated pCO2/decreased pH on early life stages has been investigated in a broad range of species, including corals, echinoderms, crustaceans, mollusks, and fish. In mollusks, which have been studied intensively, deleterious effects of increased pCO2 have been demonstrated on AB1010 fertilization success.